Adele Meade was a teacher and violinist in the Baltimore area. Her papers include photographs, a scrapbook, and personal papers primarily relating to her teaching career.

Alinda Burnham Couper studied harmonic analysis with Nadia Boulanger and taught and composed music, becoming one of the pioneer composers of handbell music and developing a new technique called "four-in-hand." Couper remained friends with Boulanger and exchanged letters for years after studying with her. The Alinda B. Couper papers contain manuscripts and published scores composed by Couper, as well as her notes, composition journals, papers, and photos.

Musical compositions, correspondence, photographs, writings, clippings, and ephemera of pianist Arthur Friedheim and members of the Friedheim family.

Brick Fleagle and Luther Henderson were jazz musicians and arrangers who were business partners and close friends. The Brick Fleagle and Luther Henderson papers and collection of jazz recordings contain manuscript and published scores of Fleagle's and Henderson's compositions and arrangements, personal papers of Brick Fleagle, photographs, and recordings.

Elsa Baklor was a coloratura soprano and music educator who taught at the Peabody Conservatory and privately in the mid-twentieth century. Her collection of five scrapbooks contain clippings, photographs, and concert programs related to her career as a performer and teacher.

Enrico Caruso (1873-1921) was one of the most popular operatic tenors of his era. After beginning his career in his native Italy, Caruso immigrated to the United States and became a star at the Metropolitan Opera. His papers include manuscript and published scores belonging to Caruso, photographs, correspondence, scrapbooks and clippings about his career, caricatures and other artwork, recordings, and ephemera.

Frank Willis was a classical pianist and composer who attended Peabody Conservatory and was a composer and conductor for the West Virginia Symphony Orchestra. His papers include manuscript and published scores and some contextual material.

Franz Carl Bornschein (1879-1948) was a composer of more than 200 works, primarily vocal music, and a professor of violin and composition at the Peabody Conservatory. His papers include scrapbooks, clippings, correspondence, photographs, personal papers, manuscript and printed scores, and the personal papers of his wife, Hazel Knox Bornschein.

Hugh Raymond Newsom (1891-1978) was an organist and composer who lived in Baltimore. The collection includes manuscript scores of music composed by Hugh Newsom or by his wife, harpist Marjorie Brunton Newsom; documents related to Hugh Newsom's career; and reel-to-reel recordings of his music.

Jean Eichelberger Ivey (1923-2010) was a composer, pianist, electronic musician, professor, and the founder of the Peabody Conservatory Electronic Music Studio, which she directed from 1969 until her retirement from Peabody in 1997. The Jean Eichelberger Ivey papers contain scores and recordings of Ivey's musical works, writings and notes by Ivey, personal and professional correspondence, programs and clippings, photographs, and other personal and professional papers.

John Charles Thomas (1891-1960) was a baritone who had a lengthy career as an opera singer and recording artist. His papers include scores, personal and business papers, concert programs, clippings, correspondence, ephemera, photographs, and recordings.

Joseph Schillinger was a theorist and composer famous for developing the Schillinger System, a method of deconstructing music using geometric phase relationships. The collection contains correspondence, recordings, scrapbooks, photographs, artwork, manuscript scores, and other documents related to his professional and personal life.

The Marion Rosette papers contain scores, working documents, personal papers, and recordings from Rosette’s career as a composer and arranger of children's music.

May Garrettson Evans was a writer for The Baltimore Sun who founded the Peabody Preparatory Department in 1898 and served as its superintendent until 1930. Her collection includes personal scrapbooks and photographs of Evans and her family, including items from her time at the Peabody Preparatory Department.

Mihály Virizlay (1931-2008) was a Hungarian-born cellist who had an international career as a concerto and recital soloist, was principal cello of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra for 40 years, and taught at the Peabody Institute. The Mihály Virizlay papers contain published and manuscript musical scores, chiefly for cello, including Virizlay’s own compositions and arrangements. The collection also includes recordings, concert programs, newspaper clippings, and correspondence.

Otto Ortmann was the director of Peabody Conservatory of Music from 1928 to 1941 and founder of the conservatory's department of research, where he conducted studies on the education, psychology, and physiology of music. His papers include scores of original compositions, writings on music research, research notes, administrative files, concert programs, photographs, and teaching materials.

Paul Vacek was a violinist, pianist, and composer (using the pen name Paul Vazkén) who studied at the Peabody Conservatory of Music from 1946 to 1949. His papers contain manuscript scores of his compositions and arrangements, drafts and fragments of manuscript scores, and personal papers.

Soprano Phyllis Bryn-Julson taught at the Peabody Institute from 1984 to 2017 and is known for her performances and recordings of 20th-century vocal music. The Phyllis Bryn-Julson papers contain programs, photographs, and other publicity materials from her singing career, correspondence with composers and other musicians, and scores of vocal music with Bryn-Julson's performance markings.

The Baltimore-area musical group Cross Country performed folk music in the 1980s and early 1990s. The collection contains the trio's administrative documents, photographs, and recordings.

Reginald Stewart was a Scottish-born conductor and pianist who served as director of the Peabody Conservatory from 1941 to 1957 and music director of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra from 1942 to 1952. His papers include scrapbooks, correspondence, photographs, and recordings related to his career.

Robert W. Waite was a cellist for the Saturday Night Club. His collection includes personal papers from his time spent as a member of the group.