Alfred Jack Thomas was an African American composer, educator, and conductor who served as a bandmaster in the United States Army and became the first African American to conduct the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra. The A. Jack Thomas papers contain manuscript scores and instrumental parts for three of his compositions for orchestra: Mirage, Scenes Pastoral, and Etude en Noir.

Cousins Adam Itzel Jr. and John Itzel were conductors, arrangers, composers, and educators who studied and taught at the Peabody Conservatory in the late 19th century. The collection includes manuscript scores of light orchestral or operatic music arranged primarily by Adam Itzel Jr., as well as manuscript scores of some of his original compositions.

Alinda Burnham Couper studied harmonic analysis with Nadia Boulanger and taught and composed music, becoming one of the pioneer composers of handbell music and developing a new technique called "four-in-hand." Couper remained friends with Boulanger and exchanged letters for years after studying with her. The Alinda B. Couper papers contain manuscripts and published scores composed by Couper, as well as her notes, composition journals, papers, and photos.

Brick Fleagle and Luther Henderson were jazz musicians and arrangers who were business partners and close friends. The Brick Fleagle and Luther Henderson papers and collection of jazz recordings contain manuscript and published scores of Fleagle's and Henderson's compositions and arrangements, personal papers of Brick Fleagle, photographs, and recordings.

A record producer, composer, pianist, critic, and educator, Cal Lampley taught at the Peabody Conservatory and Morgan State University for many years after working in the record industry. The Cal Lampley music manuscripts contain scores of his music and a small collection of concert programs and related papers.

The collection contains manuscript letters and brief notes from Nadia Boulanger to her former student Charles Bleefield, including a letter of recommendation in 1947 and several brief greetings in the two decades that followed. Also included are invitations to two memorial services for Lili Boulanger and an Igor Stravinsky autograph.

Christopher Lobingier (1944-2014) was a composer based in Baltimore who wrote the original score to the 1977 John Waters film Desperate Living and participated in the Baltimore Composers Forum. This collection contains scores of original compositions by Chris Lobingier, including his score to Desperate Living, as well as materials related to the Baltimore Composers Forum, recordings, and other ephemera.

Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji was an English pianist and composer. The collection contains published writings as well as photocopied scores of Sorabji's music for piano, chamber ensembles, orchestra, organ, and voice.

Dawn Culbertson was an eclectic musician and composer based in Baltimore who experimented with the lute and recorder. Her papers contain original manuscript compositions, personal papers primarily from her student years, and recordings of her radio show, Exploring Early Music.

Box 1 contains published scores and instructional material written by Agay, primarily for piano. Box 2 contains promotional materials and programs from Agay's career, and articles written by Agay.

A Baltimore native and Johns Hopkins University graduate, Edwin Litchfield Turnbull composed, arranged, and conducted music for the Johns Hopkins Musical Association and other local ensembles. The Turnbull scores contain manuscript and published scores composed or arranged by Turnbull.

Frank Willis was a classical pianist and composer who attended Peabody Conservatory and was a composer and conductor for the West Virginia Symphony Orchestra. His papers include manuscript and published scores and some contextual material.

Franz Carl Bornschein (1879-1948) was a composer of more than 200 works, primarily vocal music, and a professor of violin and composition at the Peabody Conservatory. His papers include scrapbooks, clippings, correspondence, photographs, personal papers, manuscript and printed scores, and the personal papers of his wife, Hazel Knox Bornschein.

Gardner Jencks was a pianist and composer who grew up in Baltimore and earned an artist diploma from the Peabody Conservatory. His papers contain manuscript and printed facsimile scores of his unpublished compositions, papers related to his study of music, and various items of ephemera.

Henry Rowley Bishop (1786–1855) was an English musical composer. This collection consists of a hand-written letter written by Henry Rowley Bishop to James Silk Buckingham, dated April 9, 1846.

Howard Thatcher was a pianist, organist, composer, and teacher in the Baltimore area. He was an alumnus of Peabody who taught harmony, counterpoint, orchestration, and composition for the Peabody Conservatory. The Howard R. Thatcher papers contain his manuscript and published scores as well as personal papers.

Jean Eichelberger Ivey (1923-2010) was a composer, pianist, electronic musician, professor, and the founder of the Peabody Conservatory Electronic Music Studio, which she directed from 1969 until her retirement from Peabody in 1997. The Jean Eichelberger Ivey papers contain scores and recordings of Ivey's musical works, writings and notes by Ivey, personal and professional correspondence, programs and clippings, photographs, and other personal and professional papers.

Joseph Schillinger was a theorist and composer famous for developing the Schillinger System, a method of deconstructing music using geometric phase relationships. The collection contains correspondence, recordings, scrapbooks, photographs, artwork, manuscript scores, and other documents related to his professional and personal life.

The Marion Rosette papers contain scores, working documents, personal papers, and recordings from Rosette’s career as a composer and arranger of children's music.

The Mary Sue Sklarevski papers consists of material relating to Sklarevski's career as a musician, composer, and poet. The majority of the collection consists of manuscript scores. Various personal papers, photographs, and published poetry are also included.

Mihály Virizlay (1931-2008) was a Hungarian-born cellist who had an international career as a concerto and recital soloist, was principal cello of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra for 40 years, and taught at the Peabody Institute. The Mihály Virizlay papers contain published and manuscript musical scores, chiefly for cello, including Virizlay’s own compositions and arrangements. The collection also includes recordings, concert programs, newspaper clippings, and correspondence.